How Did Paul Die? Evidence for Paul’s Martyrdom in Rome
Paul is traditionally remembered as having been martyred in Rome under Nero, often described as beheaded. The Bible does not narrate Paul’s death scene,…
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How Did Stephen Die?
How did Stephen die? Stephen died by stoning after bearing witness before the council in Jerusalem. According to Acts 7:54–60, he saw Jesus standing…
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How Did James the Brother of Jesus Die? The Martyrdom of James the Just
James, the brother of Jesus, was killed in Jerusalem around A.D. 62 according to Josephus, our strongest external source for his death. Josephus says…
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Saint Bartholomew Martyrdom | Flayed Alive for His Faith in Jesus
Saint Bartholomew is famously remembered as the apostle who was flayed alive for Christ. That image is horrifying. It has followed Bartholomew through centuries…
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Saint Philip’s Martyrdom: Was Philip Crucified in Hierapolis?
Saint Philip’s martyrdom should not be understood first as a death scene. It should be understood as the later memory of an apostolic witness…
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Saint Thomas’s Martyrdom: Did Thomas Die in India?
Saint Thomas’s martyrdom is one of the most famous apostolic death traditions, but Thomas’s story does not begin with a spear in India. It…
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Saint Andrew’s Martyrdom and the X-Shaped Cross
Saint Andrew’s Martyrdom: Did the Apostle Die on an X-Shaped Cross? Andrew was not the loudest apostle. He was not the most famous. But…
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Saint John’s Endurance: Was John the Apostle Martyred?
John was not the apostle killed first. He was the apostle who remained. James was killed by the sword. Peter was remembered by early…
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